org 100h section volcano screen_area equ 117fh monitor_cout equ 0F809h monitor_cin equ 0F803h monitor equ 0F800h monitor_kbhit equ 0F812h ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; start -- title screen entry point (Z80 equivalent: TTLSCR) ; Clears screen, prints title text, shows sound status and key assignments, ; then prints up to 5 high-score entries (skipping empty slots where ; saved_people > 4) and finally the "last result" line for the most recent ; player. Falls through into draw_banner and menu_loop. ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- start: ; offset=0100h lxi sp, screen_area mvi c, 1Fh call monitor_cout lxi h, title_msg ; "\x1BY) wersiq 1.0 r-86rk\r\n\n390008 rqzanx b"... call print_str call show_sound_status mvi c, 1 call display_controls lxi h, 0F1Ah ; high-score table lxi d, 2112h ; cursor X=33, Y=18 mvi b, 5 ; 5 entries to print ; Print each hiscore entry; a first byte >4 marks end of list (empty slot). title_hiscore_loop: ; offset=011Eh mov a, m cpi 5 jnc title_print_last_result ; empty slot -> stop xchg call set_cursor xchg call print_number inx h call print_number inx h mvi c, 20h ; ' ' call monitor_cout call print_str inr e dcr b jnz title_hiscore_loop title_print_last_result: ; offset=013Eh lxi h, 2118h call set_cursor lxi h, saved_people mov a, m cpi 5 jnc draw_banner call print_number lxi h, helicopters_left call print_number lxi h, last_rescuer_msg ; " - poslednij rezulxtat" call print_str ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; draw_banner -- render the big "VOLCANO" title banner (Z80: BANNER) ; 7 rows x 7 columns of 8-pixel bitmap cells. For each row, walks the ; volcano font table (7 bytes per row). Each bit in a byte selects the ; corresponding letter of "VOLCANO" (1=letter, 0=space) via RAL + CY. ; After banner completes, falls into menu_loop. ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- draw_banner: ; offset=015Ch mvi c, 0Ch ; form feed (clear screen) call monitor_cout push h lxi h, 4E6h ; font bitmap data (volcano+7) mvi e, 7 ; 7 rows to draw banner_row_loop: ; offset=0167h mvi d, 7 xthl lxi h, volcano xthl banner_char_loop: ; offset=016Eh mvi b, 8 mov a, m banner_pixel_loop: ; offset=0171h ral jc banner_letter_pixel mvi c, 20h ; ' ' banner_emit_pixel: ; offset=0177h call monitor_cout dcr b jnz banner_pixel_loop inx h xthl inx h xthl dcr d jnz banner_char_loop call print_crlf dcr e jnz banner_row_loop pop h jmp menu_loop banner_letter_pixel: ; offset=0191h xthl mov c, m xthl jmp banner_emit_pixel ; print_number -- display byte at (HL) as single digit with 2 trailing spaces print_number: ; offset=0197h mov a, m adi 30h ; '0' mov c, a call monitor_cout mvi c, 20h ; ' ' call monitor_cout mvi c, 20h ; ' ' jmp monitor_cout menu_loop: ; offset=01A8h lxi h, input_command_msg call print_str call monitor_cin cpi 50h ; 'P' jz start_game cpi 4Bh ; 'K' jz program_keys cpi 53h ; 'S' jz change_sound_status cpi 45h ; 'E' jnz menu_loop lxi h, end_msg ; " konec ..." call print_str lxi b, 190Ah ; print 25 lines exit_print_lines_loop: ; offset=01CEh call monitor_cout dcr b jnz exit_print_lines_loop jmp monitor change_sound_status: ; offset=01D8h lda sound_status cpi 7 mvi a, 0Ch jz store_sound_status mvi a, 7 store_sound_status: ; offset=01E4h sta sound_status call show_sound_status jmp menu_loop show_sound_status: ; offset=01EDh lxi h, 310Eh call set_cursor lda sound_status lxi h, sound_on_msg cpi 7 jz print_str lxi h, sound_off_msg jmp print_str ; program_keys -- 'K' option: prompt user to rebind each of 4 control keys program_keys: ; offset=0204h mvi c, 0 ; c=0 means "program mode" (read key) call display_controls jmp menu_loop ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; display_controls -- show (or program) the 4 helicopter control keys ; Input: C = 1 to only display, 0 to also read a new assignment for each ; Walks control_codes[0..3] (up, left, down, right) and for each prints ; the key name at a fixed screen column. In program mode (C=0) waits for ; a keypress first and stores it. (Z80 equivalent: KEYS) ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- display_controls: ; offset=020Ch lxi h, 3009h ; cursor X=48, Y=9 lxi d, 0F14h ; control_codes mvi b, 4 ; 4 keys keys_loop: ; offset=0214h push b dcr c jz keys_display_only call show_key_name call monitor_cin stax d keys_display_only: ; offset=0220h call show_key_name pop b inr l inx d dcr b jnz keys_loop ret ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; show_key_name -- clear the key's display slot and write its name ; Input: HL = cursor pos, DE = &control_codes[i] ; Prints 15 spaces to clear the slot, then either the character directly ; (if printable), "DELETE" (if 0x7F), or looks up a name in f1_msg table ; via show_ctrl_key. (Z80 equivalent: KEYNAM) ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- show_key_name: ; offset=022Bh call set_cursor lxi b, 0F20h ; b=15, c=' ' -> print 15 spaces clear_key_name_loop: ; offset=0231h call monitor_cout dcr b jnz clear_key_name_loop call set_cursor ldax d cpi 7Fh ; jz show_delete_key cpi 21h ; '!' jc show_ctrl_key mov c, a jmp monitor_cout show_delete_key: ; offset=024Ah push h lxi h, delete_msg ; "DELETE" call print_str pop h ret show_ctrl_key: ; offset=0253h push h lxi h, 3F8h mov b, a keyname_advance: ; offset=0258h dcr b jm print_key_name keyname_skip_null: ; offset=025Ch mov a, m ora a inx h jnz keyname_skip_null jmp keyname_advance print_key_name: ; offset=0265h call print_str pop h ret title_msg: ; offset=026Ah db 1Bh, "Y) wersiq 1.0 r-86rk", 0Dh, 0Ah, 0Ah, db "390008 rqzanx bratislawskaq 27", 0Dh, 0Ah, db "radiotehni~eskij institut", 0Dh, 0Ah, db "skb ", 22h, "DESIGN", 22h, 0Dh, 0Ah, db "(C) 1987 BONY", 0Dh, 0Ah, 0Ah, db "Men`:", 0Dh, 0Ah, 0Ah, db "P - igra", 0Dh, 0Ah, db "K - programmirowanie klawi{", 0Dh, 0Ah, db "S - zwuk", 0Dh, 0Ah, db "E - wyhod", db 1Bh, "Y)Hwlewo -", db 1Bh, "Y*Hwprawo-", db 1Bh, "Y+Hwwerh -", db 1Bh, "Y,Hwniz -", db 1Bh, "Y-Hogonx - dr.", db 1Bh, "Y.Hzwuk - w", db 1Bh, "Y/C-+-", db 1Bh, "Y0AI O-+ lu~{ie spasateli:", db 1Bh, "Y2>1)", db 1Bh, "Y3>2)", db 1Bh, "Y4>3)", db 1Bh, "Y5>4)", db 1Bh, "Y6>5)", 0 input_command_msg: ; offset=03A8h db 1Bh db 59h ; Y db 38h ; 8 db 20h, "wwedite direktiwu:", 0 last_rescuer_msg: ; offset=03BFh db " - poslednij rezulxtat", 0 end_msg: ; offset=03D6h db " konec ...", 0 sound_on_msg: ; offset=03E1h db 6Bh ; k db 6Ch ; l db 20h, 0 sound_off_msg: ; offset=03E5h db 79h ; y db 6Bh ; k db 6Ch ; l db 0, 1Fh, 1Bh db 62h ; b db 0 set_cursor_somewhere: ; offset=03EDh db 1Fh, 1Bh db 61h ; a db 0 delete_msg: ; offset=03F1h db "DELETE", 0 ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Key name lookup table -- null-terminated strings for display_controls. ; Indexed by key code (0x00..0x1F). show_key_name scans through these ; null-terminated entries to find the name for a given key code. ; Used when showing/programming the helicopter control keys. ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- f1_msg: ; offset=03F8h db "F1", 0 db "F2", 0 db "F3", 0 db "F4", 0 db "^D", 0 db "^E", 0 db "^F", 0 db "^G", 0 db "LEFT", 0 db "^J", 0 db "LINE FEED", 0 db "^K", 0 db "HOME", 0 db "RETURN", 0 db "^N", 0 db "^O", 0 db "^P", 0 db "^Q", 0 db "^R", 0 db "^S", 0 db "^T", 0 db "^U", 0 db "^V", 0 db "^W", 0 db "RIGHT", 0 db "UP", 0 db "DOWN", 0 db "ESCAPE", 0 db "^", 5Ch, 0 ; "^\" db "^]", 0 db "^^", 0 db "^_", 0 db "SPACE", 0 you_best_rescuer_msg: ; offset=0476h db 1Bh db 59h ; Y db 28h ; ( db 20h, "wy lu~{ij spasatelx !", 0 your_name_history_msg: ; offset=0491h db 1Bh db 59h ; Y db 2Eh ; . db 2Ah ; * db "wa{e imq wojdet w istori` - ", 0 you_good_pilot_msg: ; offset=04B3h db 1Bh db 59h ; Y db 2Ah ; * db 2Fh ; / db " i wysokoklasnyj pilot wertoletow !", 0 back_space_back_msg: ; offset=04DBh db 8, " ", 8, 0 ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; volcano -- title screen bitmap font data ; Structure: 7 bytes of character table ("VOLCANO") followed by ; 49 bytes of bitmap data (7 rows x 7 bytes per row). ; ; Rendering (see banner_row_loop): for each of the 7 rows, 7 bitmap bytes are ; processed. Each byte is 8 pixels (MSB first via RAL). A '1' bit prints ; the corresponding column's letter from "VOLCANO"; a '0' bit prints space. ; ; Result: large pixel-art title where each letter column uses its own char: ; V.....V. .OOOOO.. L....... .CCCCC.. ......A. N.....N. .OOOOO.. ; V....V.. O.....O. L....... C.....C. .....AA. NN....N. O.....O. ; V...V... O.....O. L....... C....... ....A.A. N.N...N. O.....O. ; V..V.... O.....O. L....... C....... ...A..A. N..N..N. O.....O. ; V.V..... O.....O. L....... C....... ..A...A. N...N.N. O.....O. ; VV...... O.....O. L....... C.....C. .AAAAAA. N....NN. O.....O. ; V....... .OOOOO.. LLLLLLL. .CCCCC.. A.....A. N.....N. .OOOOO.. ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- volcano: ; offset=04DFh db 'V', 'O', 'L', 'C', 'A', 'N', 'O' db 82h db 7Ch ; | db 80h db 7Ch ; | db 2 db 82h db 7Ch ; | db 84h db 82h db 80h db 82h db 6 db 0C2h db 82h db 88h db 82h db 80h db 80h db 0Ah db 0A2h db 82h db 90h db 82h db 80h db 80h db 12h db 92h db 82h db 0A0h db 82h db 80h db 80h db 22h ; " db 8Ah db 82h db 0C0h db 82h db 80h db 82h db 7Eh ; ~ db 86h db 82h db 80h db 7Ch ; | db 0FEh db 7Ch ; | db 82h db 82h db 7Ch ; | ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; move_stone -- update one stone/ash particle position and draw it ; Input: HL = pointer to 8-byte stone structure (see init_stone) ; Output: HL = pointer past the structure (HL+8) ; ; Updates position using 16-bit fixed-point arithmetic: ; x_pos += x_vel (constant horizontal drift) ; y_vel += 1 (gravity acceleration) ; y_pos += y_vel (vertical movement) ; If stone goes off-screen (row >= 25 or col >= 64), respawns it. ; Erases old '*' from screen, draws new '*' at updated position. ; If new position hits helicopter 'O', triggers collision. ; If new position has '-' (bullet), replaces with '+' (hit marker). ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- move_stone: ; offset=0517h push b mov a, m ; [0] x_vel_lo inx h add m ; + [1] x_pos_lo mov m, a ; [1] x_pos_lo += x_vel_lo inx h mov a, m ; [2] x_vel_hi inx h mov c, m ; c = [3] x_pos_hi (old column) adc c ; a = x_vel_hi + x_pos_hi + carry mov m, a ; [3] x_pos_hi = new column mov b, a ; b = new column inx h mov a, m ; [4] y_vel_lo adi 1 ; y_vel_lo += 1 (gravity!) mov m, a ; [4] y_vel_lo updated mov e, a ; e = new y_vel_lo inx h mov a, m ; [5] y_vel_hi aci 0 ; y_vel_hi += carry from y_vel_lo overflow mov m, a ; [5] y_vel_hi updated mov d, a ; d = new y_vel_hi inx h mov a, m ; [6] y_pos_lo add e ; y_pos_lo += y_vel_lo mov m, a ; [6] y_pos_lo updated inx h mov a, m ; [7] y_pos_hi (old row) mov e, a ; e = old row (for erasing) adc d ; a = y_pos_hi + y_vel_hi + carry mov m, a ; [7] y_pos_hi = new row mov d, a ; d = new row inx h ; HL past the 8-byte structure push h cpi 19h ; new row >= 25? (off screen bottom) jnc respawn_stone mov a, b ; new column cpi 40h ; new column >= 64? (off screen) jnc respawn_stone ; -- erase old position, draw new position -- ; at this point: b=new_col, c=old_col, d=new_row, e=old_row mov a, e ; a = old row mov l, c ; l = old column call screen_area_address ; get screen buffer address for old pos mov a, m ; what's at old position in buffer? cpi 2Ah ; is it '*' (our stone)? jnz stone_done ; if not '*', someone else overwrote it, skip erase erase_and_draw_stone: ; offset=0551h mvi m, 20h ; clear old position in screen buffer mov l, e ; l = old row mov h, c ; h = old column call set_cursor ; position terminal cursor at old pos mvi c, 20h ; print space (erase on screen) call monitor_cout mov l, b ; l = new column mov a, d ; a = new row call screen_area_address ; get screen buffer address for new pos mov a, m ; what's at new position? cpi 2Dh ; is it '-' (bullet)? jz stone_hit_bullet ; bullet hit: show '+' instead of '*' cpi 4Fh ; is it 'O' (helicopter cockpit)? jz collision_condition ; helicopter crash! mvi c, 2Ah ; draw '*' (normal stone) draw_stone_char: ; offset=056Fh mov m, c ; write to screen buffer mov l, d ; l = new row mov h, b ; h = new column call set_cursor ; position terminal cursor call monitor_cout ; draw the character stone_done: ; offset=0578h pop h pop b ret stone_hit_bullet: ; offset=057Bh mvi c, 2Bh ; '+' = stone destroyed by bullet jmp draw_stone_char set_cursor: ; offset=0580h push b mvi c, 1Bh call monitor_cout mvi c, 59h ; 'Y' call monitor_cout mvi a, 20h ; ' ' add l mov c, a call monitor_cout mvi a, 20h ; ' ' add h mov c, a call monitor_cout pop b ret ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; set_cursor_in_screen_arena -- set terminal cursor AND return buffer addr ; Input: H = column, L = row ; Output: HL = screen_area buffer address, cursor positioned on screen ; Combines set_cursor (for terminal) with screen_area_address_hl (for buffer). ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- set_cursor_in_screen_arena: ; offset=059Bh call set_cursor ; set terminal cursor (Y=l, X=h) ; fall through to screen_area_address_hl ; screen_area_address_hl -- convert (row=L, col=H) to buffer address ; Input: H = column, L = row ; Output: HL = screen_area buffer address screen_area_address_hl: ; offset=059Eh mov a, l ; a = row (swap: screen_area_address wants col in A) mov l, h ; l = column ; fall through to screen_area_address ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; screen_area_address -- convert (row, col) to screen buffer address ; Input: A = column (0-63), L = row (0-24) ; Output: HL = address in screen_area buffer ; ; RK86 screen layout: 64 columns x 25 rows, but memory is NOT linear. ; Address = screen_area + (col >> 2) * 256 + (col & 3) * 64 + row ; ; The two RRC instructions rotate A (column) right by 2: ; A = [c1 c0 c7 c6 c5 c4 c3 c2] ; Then H gets top 6 bits (col >> 2), and L gets (col & 3) * 64 + row. ; This matches the RK86 video RAM interleaved bank layout. ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- screen_area_address: ; offset=05A0h push d rrc ; rotate column right (step 1 of 2) rrc ; A = [c1 c0 c7 c6 c5 c4 c3 c2] mov h, a ; save rotated value ani 0C0h ; a = [c1 c0 0 0 0 0 0 0] = (col & 3) << 6 ora l ; a = (col & 3) * 64 + row mov l, a ; L = low byte of offset mvi a, 3Fh ana h ; a = [0 0 c7 c6 c5 c4 c3 c2] = col >> 2 mov h, a ; H = high byte of offset lxi d, screen_area dad d ; HL = screen_area + offset pop d ret ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; init_stone -- initialize one 8-byte stone/ash particle structure ; Input: HL = pointer to 8-byte structure ; Output: HL = pointer past the structure (HL+8) ; ; Stone structure (8 bytes, 16-bit fixed-point with 8.8 format): ; byte 0: x_vel_lo - X velocity fraction (constant per stone) ; byte 1: x_pos_lo - X position fraction ; byte 2: x_vel_hi - X velocity integer (signed, constant per stone) ; byte 3: x_pos_hi - X position integer (column 0-63) ; byte 4: y_vel_lo - Y velocity fraction (+1 each frame = gravity) ; byte 5: y_vel_hi - Y velocity integer (starts 0xFF = -1 = upward) ; byte 6: y_pos_lo - Y position fraction ; byte 7: y_pos_hi - Y position integer (row 0-24) ; ; Physics: x_pos += x_vel (constant horizontal drift) ; y_vel += 1 per frame (gravity acceleration) ; y_pos += y_vel (parabolic arc: starts upward, curves down) ; ; Spawns at volcano peak (columns 37-40, row 8) with random velocity. ; Maps to Python's make_ash(x, y, vx, vy) + ash spawn logic. ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- init_stone: ; offset=05B2h push b mvi a, 3 call random ; random [0..3] mov c, a ; c = column offset adi 25h ; a = 37 + offset = column 37-40 (peak) mov d, a ; d = x_pos_hi (initial column) mvi a, 0FFh call random ; random [0..255] mov e, a ; e = x_pos_lo (random fraction) ani 0FCh ora c ; mix column offset into random byte rrc rrc ; >>2: scale down sui 80h ; subtract 128 to center around 0 (signed) mov c, a ; c = x_vel_lo (signed random velocity) sbb a ; a = sign extension (0x00 or 0xFF) mov m, c ; [0] x_vel_lo inx h mov m, e ; [1] x_pos_lo (random) inx h mov m, a ; [2] x_vel_hi (sign extension) inx h mov m, d ; [3] x_pos_hi (column 37-40) inx h xra c ; a = sign ^ vel_lo (derive Y vel from X vel) sui 83h ; bias upward mov m, a ; [4] y_vel_lo (upward component) inx h mvi m, 0FFh ; [5] y_vel_hi = -1 (moving upward) inx h mvi m, 0 ; [6] y_pos_lo = 0 inx h mvi m, 8 ; [7] y_pos_hi = row 8 (near volcano peak) inx h pop b ret ; Stone went off-screen -- rewind HL to start of structure, reinitialize respawn_stone: ; offset=05E3h push d lxi d, 0FFF8h ; -8 dad d ; hl -= 8 (back to start of stone struct) call init_stone ; reinitialize with new random trajectory mov b, d ; b = new x_pos_hi (column) pop d mvi d, 8 ; d = row 8 (initial Y for drawing) mov a, e mov l, c call screen_area_address jmp erase_and_draw_stone ; draw '*' at new position ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; random(max) -- pseudo-random number generator ; Input: A = max value (inclusive upper bound) ; Output: A = random value in [0..max] ; ; Algorithm: ; 1. Uses rng_seed (16-bit) as a pointer into low memory (0x0000-0x1FFF, ; the ROM monitor area on RK86) to read a byte for entropy. ; 2. Mixes that byte with rng_accum and the max parameter. ; 3. Advances the seed: rng_seed += (max << 8 | rng_accum) + 1 ; 4. Rejection sampling with a narrowing bitmask to produce an unbiased ; result in [0..max]: starts with mask=0xFF, halves it until ; (random_byte & mask) <= max. ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- random: ; offset=05F7h push d push h mov d, a ; d = max (parameter) lhld rng_seed mvi a, 1Fh ana h ; h &= 0x1F -- limit pointer to 0x0000-0x1FFF mov h, a lda rng_accum add m ; a += byte read from memory[rng_seed & 0x1FFF] add d ; a += max sta rng_accum ; save updated accumulator mov e, a ; e = random byte dad d ; rng_seed += de (d=max, e=accum) inx h ; rng_seed += 1 shld rng_seed mvi a, 0FFh ; initial bitmask = 0xFF jmp rng_narrow_check rng_narrow_mask: ; offset=0614h mask >>= 1 (halve the mask) mov a, h rar rng_narrow_check: ; offset=0616h mov h, a ; h = current mask ana e ; a = mask & random_byte cmp d ; compare with max jz rng_done ; if == max, accept jnc rng_narrow_mask ; if > max, narrow mask and retry ; if < max, fall through and accept rng_done: ; offset=061Fh pop h pop d ret print_str: ; offset=0622h push b jmp print_str_check print_str_loop: ; offset=0626h mov c, a call monitor_cout print_str_check: ; offset=062Ah mov a, m ora a inx h jnz print_str_loop pop b ret start_game: ; offset=0632h lxi h, set_cursor_somewhere ; CTP call print_str lxi h, 9 call set_cursor lxi h, screen_area lxi d, 640h ; 64x25 clean_screen_area_loop: ; offset=0644h mvi m, 20h ; ' ' inx h dcx d mov a, d ora e jnz clean_screen_area_loop lxi h, packed_landscape ; format: counter, char, or 0xFF and ASCIIZ lxi d, 013bfh ; unpacked_landscape landscape_unpack_loop_0: ; offset=0653h push d landscape_unpack_loop_1: ; offset=0654h mov a, m ; get a counter mov b, a ; b = counter inx h ora a jz init_bullets_and_stones ; if the counter is 0, we done jm landscape_print_till_0 ; the character is negative? mov a, m ; get a character inx h ora a jz next_landspace_line ; if the character is 0, go to the next line to print mov c, a ; c = character landscape_char_loop: ; offset=0665h mov a, c stax d call monitor_cout inx d dcr b jnz landscape_char_loop jmp landscape_unpack_loop_1 ; get a counter landscape_print_till_0: ; offset=0672h mov a, m ; get a character inx h ora a jz landscape_unpack_loop_1 ; get a counter mov c, a stax d call monitor_cout inx d jmp landscape_print_till_0 ; get a character next_landspace_line: ; offset=0681h call print_crlf pop d xchg lxi b, 40h ; '@' dad b xchg jmp landscape_unpack_loop_0 print_crlf: ; offset=068Eh mvi c, 0Dh call monitor_cout mvi c, 0Ah jmp monitor_cout init_bullets_and_stones: ; offset=0698h pop d lxi h, bullets_coords ; 10 (0x0a), 4 bytes each, 40 bytes total shld free_bullet mvi b, 0Ah ; 10 zero_bullets_loop: ; offset=06A1h mvi m, 0 lxi d, 4 dad d dcr b jnz zero_bullets_loop lxi h, 3911h ; H=39h (col 57), L=11h (row 17): first slot inside station shld station_deposit_pos lxi h, stone_coords mvi b, 14h ; number of stones? init_stones_loop: ; offset=06B6h call init_stone push h mvi a, 8 mov l, d call screen_area_address mvi m, 2Ah ; '*' mvi l, 8 mov h, d call set_cursor mvi c, 2Ah ; '*' call monitor_cout pop h dcr b jnz init_stones_loop mvi a, 0FFh sta hanging_human_y mvi a, 0Ah sta lava_timer mvi a, 10h sta lava_level xra a sta number_of_souls sta saved_people mvi a, 3 sta helicopters_left mvi a, 7 sta human_hands_timer ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; next_helicopter -- respawn next life (Z80 equivalent: NEXTH) ; Resets stack, drains any pending keypress, decrements helicopters_left. ; Erases one helicopter from the "remaining lives" column on the right ; (at X=58, Y=20+2*N) then draws the new active helicopter at (58,15) ; facing left. Game over when no helicopters remain. ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- next_helicopter: ; offset=06F2h lxi sp, screen_area call monitor_kbhit ora a jz next_heli_init ; no_key_pressed call monitor_cin ; drain stray key next_heli_init: ; offset=06FFh xra a sta helicopter_orientation ; 0 - left, FF - right sta hanging_human lda helicopters_left dcr a jm game_over_screen ; no lives left -> show scores sta helicopters_left add a ; Y = 2*helicopters_left + 20 adi 14h mov l, a mvi h, 3Ah ; X=58 (lives column) call set_cursor_in_screen_arena ; Y = l, X = h mvi d, 20h ; ' ' (erase one spare) xra a call write_heli_to_buffer lxi h, clear_helicopter_left_msg call print_str lxi h, 3A0Fh ; active pos: X=58, Y=15 shld helicopter_xy call set_cursor_in_screen_arena ; Y = l, X = h mvi d, 4Fh ; 'O' (cockpit) xra a call write_heli_to_buffer lxi h, helicopter_left_msg call print_str call beep ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; game_loop -- main per-tick game loop (Z80 equivalent: LOOP) ; Each iteration: advance bullets, move stones, advance bullets again ; (bullets move twice per tick), update falling person, run helicopter ; input + soul redraws, then (every 7 ticks) run wave animation and ; soul collision-check; (every lava_timer ticks) advance lava. ; Ends when person hanging from helicopter falls off. ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- game_loop: ; offset=073Dh lxi h, bullets_coords ; 10 (0x0a), 4 bytes each, 40 bytes total mvi b, 0Ah first_bullets_loop: ; offset=0742h call process_bullet dcr b jnz first_bullets_loop lxi h, stone_coords mvi b, 14h move_stones_loop: ; offset=074Eh call move_stone ; disable stone development dcr b jnz move_stones_loop ; disable stone development lxi h, bullets_coords ; 10 (0x0a), 4 bytes each, 40 bytes total mvi b, 0Ah second_bullets_loop: ; offset=075Ah call process_bullet dcr b jnz second_bullets_loop lhld hanging_human_y mov a, l ora a jm tick_helicopter_and_souls xchg mov l, d call screen_area_address mvi m, 20h ; ' ' lxi b, 40h ; '@' dad b mov a, m cpi 20h ; ' ' jnz falling_man_hit_ground mvi m, 59h ; 'Y' xchg call set_cursor mvi c, 20h ; ' ' call monitor_cout mvi c, 1Ah call monitor_cout mvi c, 8 call monitor_cout mov a, l rrc ; alternate 'L'/'J' by row parity mvi c, 4Ch ; 'L' jc print_falling_char mvi c, 4Ah ; 'J' print_falling_char: ; offset=0798h call monitor_cout inr l shld hanging_human_y tick_helicopter_and_souls: ; offset=079Fh call process_helicopter lda number_of_souls ora a jz skip_printing_souls mov b, a lxi h, souls_positions souls_print_loop: ; offset=07ADh mov e, m inx h mov d, m inx h xchg call set_cursor lxi h, soul_msg ; "()" call print_str xchg dcr b jnz souls_print_loop skip_printing_souls: ; offset=07C0h lda human_hands_timer dcr a sta human_hands_timer jnz game_loop lxi h, 316h call animate_person_wave lxi h, 0A14h call animate_person_wave lxi h, 1311h call animate_person_wave lxi h, 1C0Dh call animate_person_wave mvi a, 7 sta human_hands_timer lda number_of_souls ora a jz skip_souls_collision_check mov b, a lxi h, souls_positions souls_collision_check: ; offset=07F2h call move_and_check_soul dcr b jnz souls_collision_check skip_souls_collision_check: ; offset=07F9h lda lava_timer dcr a jnz skip_lava call process_lava ; disable lava development mvi a, 0Ah skip_lava: ; offset=0805h sta lava_timer lda hanging_human ora a jz game_loop mov b, a lda hanging_human_timer dcr a sta hanging_human_timer jz hanging_human_timer_expired cpi 0Ah jnc game_loop mov a, b cpi 4Ah ; 'J' mvi a, 4Ch ; 'L' jz swing_handing_man mvi a, 4Ah ; 'J' swing_handing_man: ; offset=0829h sta hanging_human jmp game_loop ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; process_lava -- advance lava one row down the volcano ; Decrements lava_level (which counts down from 0x10 toward 0). ; Uses lava_levels table: each entry is 5 bytes: ; byte 0: count - number of '+' chars to draw on this row ; byte 1: row - screen row (Y coordinate) ; byte 2: column - starting screen column (X coordinate) ; byte 3: human_row - row of person on this ledge (0 = no person) ; byte 4: human_col - column of person on this ledge ; If a person ('I' or 'Y') is at the human position, they are killed ; (erased, explosion triggered, soul created). ; Maps to Python's lava_level increment + person kill check. ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- process_lava: ; offset=082Fh lda lava_level dcr a ; advance lava one step rm ; if < 0, lava reached bottom, done sta lava_level mov b, a add a add a add b ; a = lava_level * 5 mov e, a mvi d, 0 ; de = lava_level * 5 lxi h, lava_levels dad d ; hl = &lava_levels[lava_level] mov b, m ; b = count (number of '+' to draw) inx h mov e, m ; e = row inx h mov d, m ; d = column xchg ; hl = row,col for cursor; de = table ptr call set_cursor_in_screen_arena ; set cursor + get buffer ptr mvi c, 2Bh ; '+' = lava character lava_fill_loop: ; offset=084Dh call monitor_cout ; draw '+' on screen mov m, c ; write '+' to screen buffer inx h dcr b jnz lava_fill_loop call beep xchg ; hl = table ptr (at byte 2) inx h ; hl -> byte 3 (human_row) mov a, m ora a rz ; human_row == 0 means no person here ; Check if person is still alive at this position inx h ; hl -> byte 4 (human_col) mov d, m ; d = human_col mov e, a ; e = human_row mov l, d call screen_area_address ; get buffer addr for person position mov a, m cpi 59h ; is it 'Y' (person waving)? jz lava_hits_human cpi 49h ; is it 'I' (person standing)? rnz ; neither -> person already rescued/dead lava_hits_human: ; offset=086Eh mvi m, 20h ; erase person from screen buffer xchg ; hl = person row,col jmp kill_person ; trigger explosion + create soul ; Falling person can't continue: something is below them in the buffer. ; If it's another person ('Y' or 'I'), erase them too and turn both into ; souls (Z80 equivalent: m6). Deactivates the falling slot. falling_man_hit_ground: ; offset=0874h call beep xchg cpi 59h ; 'Y' cz erase_and_kill_person cpi 49h ; 'I' cz erase_and_kill_person mvi a, 0FFh sta hanging_human_y call kill_person jmp tick_helicopter_and_souls erase_and_kill_person: ; offset=088Dh xchg mvi m, 20h ; ' ' xchg jmp kill_person ; kill_person -- explosion + slow_explosion + create_soul ; Input: HL = position of dying person kill_person: ; offset=0894h push b call explosion call slow_explosion call create_soul pop b ret ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; create_soul -- add a soul "()" to the souls array and draw it ; Input: HL = position (row, col) where person died ; Increments number_of_souls, stores position in souls_positions array. ; Checks if cell to the right is free to avoid overlapping terrain. ; If number_of_souls + saved_people == 4 (all people accounted for), ; triggers game over via game_over_screen. ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- create_soul: ; offset=08A0h push h xchg lda number_of_souls inr a sta number_of_souls dcr a add a mov c, a mvi b, 0 mov a, e mov l, d call screen_area_address inx h mov a, m cpi 20h ; ' ' jz soul_pos_ok dcr d soul_pos_ok: ; offset=08BBh lxi h, 0FAFh dad b mov m, e inx h mov m, d xchg call set_cursor lxi h, soul_msg ; "()" call print_str call beep lda number_of_souls lxi h, 0F19h add m pop h cpi 4 rnz jmp game_over_screen hanging_human_timer_expired: ; offset=08DDh xra a sta hanging_human lhld helicopter_xy inr l shld hanging_human_y call screen_area_address_hl mvi m, 59h ; 'Y' jmp game_loop ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; animate_person_wave -- toggle person between 'I' (arms down) and 'Y' ; (arms up) to create waving animation. Called every 7 game ticks. ; Input: HL = person screen position (L=row, H=column) ; If cell is 'I', change to 'Y'. If 'Y', change to 'I'. Otherwise no-op. ; Maps to Python's wave_toggle alternating between 'I' and 'Y'. ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- animate_person_wave: ; offset=08F0h call set_cursor_in_screen_arena ; set cursor + get screen buffer addr mov a, m ; read current character at person position mvi c, 59h ; 'Y' (arms up) cpi 49h ; is it 'I'? jz do_person_wave ; yes -> change to 'Y' mvi c, 49h ; 'I' (arms down) cpi 59h ; is it 'Y'? rnz ; neither 'I' nor 'Y' -> person gone, skip do_person_wave: ; offset=0900h mov m, c ; update screen buffer jmp monitor_cout ; print new character to screen ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; process_helicopter -- handle keyboard input, move helicopter, check collisions ; Reads keyboard for directional keys and fire button. ; Movement: updates helicopter_xy, checks if new position is clear ; (3 cells for body row + 3 cells for rotor row must all be spaces). ; If blocked by terrain/lava/station, triggers collision_condition. ; If person (I/Y) is directly below cockpit, picks them up. ; Fire: creates a bullet entry in bullets_coords array. ; Maps to Python's helicopter update + pickup + collision logic. ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- process_helicopter: ; offset=0904h lda helicopter_orientation ; 0 - left, FF - right sta helicopter_orientation_original lhld helicopter_xy shld prev_helicopter_xy xchg lxi b, 0 call monitor_kbhit ora a jz heli_bounds_check call monitor_cin lxi h, control_codes cmp m jz move_up inx h cmp m jz move_left inx h cmp m jz move_down inx h cmp m jz move_right lhld free_bullet mov a, m ora a rnz ; if no free cell for a bullet -> exit lda helicopter_orientation_original ; 0 - left, FF - right cma mov b, a ; b = bullet X direction: FF (-1) left, 1 right ori 1 mov m, a inx h mov m, b inx h mov m, e inx h mov m, d ret move_left: ; offset=0949h inr d lxi b, 1 mvi a, 0FFh heli_set_orientation: ; offset=094Fh sta helicopter_orientation ; 0 - left, FF - right heli_bounds_check: ; offset=0952h mov a, d dcr a cpi 3Dh ; '=' rnc mov a, e ora a rz xchg shld helicopter_xy lhld prev_helicopter_xy call screen_area_address_hl push h mvi d, 20h ; ' ' lda helicopter_orientation_original call write_heli_to_buffer pop h dad b push h lda helicopter_orientation ; 0 - left, FF - right ora a mvi a, 20h ; ' ' jnz heli_check_right call check_3_cells_empty jnz heli_person_in_way lxi d, 0FFBDh heli_check_body: ; offset=0982h dad d call check_3_cells_empty jnz heli_person_in_way lxi d, 7Fh dad d lda hanging_human mov b, a ora a jz heli_check_pickup mov a, m cpi 20h ; ' ' jnz heli_person_in_way lxi d, 40h ; '@' dad d mov a, m cpi 3Dh ; '=' cz deposit_person heli_draw_and_print: ; offset=09A5h pop h mvi d, 4Fh ; 'O' lda helicopter_orientation ; 0 - left, FF - right call write_heli_to_buffer lhld prev_helicopter_xy call set_cursor lda helicopter_orientation_original ora a lxi h, clear_helicopter_left_msg cnz clear_helicopter_right_address call print_str dcr b jm heli_print_new mvi c, 20h ; ' ' call monitor_cout heli_print_new: ; offset=09CAh lhld helicopter_xy call set_cursor lda helicopter_orientation ; 0 - left, FF - right ora a lxi h, helicopter_left_msg cnz helicopter_right_address call print_str lda hanging_human ora a rz mov c, a jmp monitor_cout move_down: ; offset=09E6h dcr e lxi b, 0FFC0h jmp heli_bounds_check move_up: ; offset=09EDh dcr d lxi b, 0FFFFh xra a jmp heli_set_orientation move_right: ; offset=09F5h lxi b, 40h ; '@' inr e mov a, e mov l, d call screen_area_address mov a, m cpi 3Dh ; '=' jnz heli_bounds_check dcr e mvi c, 0 jmp heli_bounds_check ; write_3_to_buffer -- write byte A to 3 consecutive screen buffer cells ; Used to fill rotor or body line of helicopter in screen buffer. write_3_to_buffer: ; offset=0A0Ah mov m, a inx h mov m, a inx h mov m, a ret heli_write_right: ; offset=0A10h lxi d, 0FFFEh dad d call write_3_to_buffer lxi d, 0FFBFh jmp heli_write_rotor ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; write_heli_to_buffer -- write helicopter sprite to screen buffer ; Input: HL = screen buffer address at cockpit position ; A (on entry via ORA A): 0=left-facing, nonzero=right-facing ; D = character to write (0x20=space for erase, 0x4F=O for draw) ; Writes 3 chars to body row and 3 chars to rotor row in buffer. ; If hanging_human is active, also writes person char below cockpit. ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- write_heli_to_buffer: ; offset=0A1Dh ora a mov a, d jnz heli_write_right call write_3_to_buffer lxi d, 0FFBDh heli_write_rotor: ; offset=0A28h dad d call write_3_to_buffer lxi d, 7Fh dad d mov d, a lda hanging_human ora a rz mov m, d ret heli_check_right: ; offset=0A38h lxi d, 0FFFEh dad d call check_3_cells_empty jnz heli_person_in_way lxi d, 0FFBFh jmp heli_check_body ; check_3_cells_empty -- check if 3 consecutive screen buffer cells are space ; Input: A = 0x20 (space), HL = buffer address ; Output: Z flag set if all 3 cells are space (path clear for helicopter) check_3_cells_empty: ; offset=0A48h cmp m rnz inx h cmp m rnz inx h cmp m ret heli_check_pickup: ; offset=0A50h mov a, m cpi 49h ; 'I' jz heli_pickup_person cpi 59h ; 'Y' jnz heli_draw_and_print heli_pickup_person: ; offset=0A5Bh mvi a, 49h ; 'I' sta hanging_human mvi a, 28h ; '(' sta hanging_human_timer jmp heli_draw_and_print clear_helicopter_right_address: ; offset=0A68h lxi h, clear_helicopter_right_msg ret helicopter_right_address: ; offset=0A6Ch lxi h, helicopter_right_msg ret ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; deposit_person -- drop rescued person at station ; Called when helicopter with hanging person moves over station roof (=). ; Places 'I' in station, increments saved_people counter. ; If all 4 people saved, triggers game over (win). ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- deposit_person: ; offset=0A70h lhld station_deposit_pos inr h shld station_deposit_pos dcr h call set_cursor_in_screen_arena ; Y = l, X = h mvi c, 49h ; 'I' mov m, c call monitor_cout call beep xra a sta hanging_human lda saved_people inr a sta saved_people lxi h, 0FACh add m cpi 4 rnz ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; game_over_screen -- end of game: print congratulations and hall of fame ; If no people were saved, return to title without asking for a name. ; If all 4 saved, print "best rescuer"; if also all helicopters intact, ; add "very good pilot". Then walk into hiscore insertion. ; (Z80 equivalent: EXITG) ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- game_over_screen: ; offset=0A96h lxi sp, screen_area lxi h, 3E9h ; enable cursor sequence call print_str lda saved_people ora a jz start ; no score worth recording cpi 4 jnz hiscore_find_slot lxi h, you_best_rescuer_msg call print_str lda helicopters_left cpi 3 ; all 3 helicopters still alive? jnz hiscore_find_slot lxi h, you_good_pilot_msg call print_str ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Hall-of-fame insertion (Z80 equivalent: sco1-sco9). Each entry is 25 ; bytes (0x19): [saved_people, helicopters_left, 23-byte null-terminated ; name]. Entries are sorted by saved_people desc, then helicopters_left ; asc. A first byte > 4 marks the end of the populated table. ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- hiscore_find_slot: ; offset=0ABFh lxi h, 0F1Ah ; high-score table start mvi b, 5 ; 5 slots ; For each slot: if our saved_people beats slot's -> insert before it. ; If equal, compare helicopters_left (lower wins). If slot is empty ; (byte>4) append at end via hiscore_mark_end. hiscore_compare_loop: ; offset=0AC4h lda saved_people cmp m jz hiscore_check_helis jnc hiscore_insert_shift mov a, m cpi 5 jnc hiscore_mark_end hiscore_skip_entry: ; offset=0AD4h lxi d, 19h ; entry size dad d dcr b jnz hiscore_compare_loop jmp start ; didn't place on table hiscore_check_helis: ; offset=0ADFh lda helicopters_left inx h cmp m ; compare against stored helis dcx h jz hiscore_skip_entry ; same -> not better jc hiscore_skip_entry ; fewer lives -> not better ; Shift subsequent entries one slot down to make room at HL. ; Copies from end of entry 4 back to end of entry 5, B entries worth. hiscore_insert_shift: ; offset=0AEBh dcr b push h lxi h, 0F7Dh ; src = last byte of entry 4 lxi d, 0F96h ; dst = last byte of entry 5 hiscore_shift_outer: ; offset=0AF3h mvi c, 19h ; 25 bytes per entry hiscore_shift_inner: ; offset=0AF5h mov a, m stax d dcx h dcx d dcr c jnz hiscore_shift_inner dcr b jnz hiscore_shift_outer ; Fill the freed slot with spaces, then prompt the user for their name. hiscore_fill_entry: ; offset=0B01h pop h push h mvi b, 18h ; 24 bytes (size-1; trailing null) hiscore_clear_loop: ; offset=0B05h mvi m, 20h ; ' ' inx h dcr b jnz hiscore_clear_loop mvi m, 0 lxi h, your_name_history_msg call print_str pop h lda saved_people mov m, a ; store score inx h lda helicopters_left mov m, a ; store helicopters inx h mvi b, 0 ; name length accumulator ; Read characters until CR. Backspace erases; max 23 chars. Control ; characters and overflow produce a beep. (Z80 equivalent: gnc/delc/ign) name_input_loop: ; offset=0B21h call monitor_cin mov c, a cpi 8 jz name_backspace cpi 0Dh jz start cpi 20h ; ' ' jc name_ignore_beep mov a, b cpi 17h jz name_ignore_beep inr b mov m, c inx h call monitor_cout jmp name_input_loop name_backspace: ; offset=0B43h mov a, b ora a jz name_ignore_beep dcr b dcx h mvi m, 20h ; ' ' xchg lxi h, back_space_back_msg ; "\b \b" call print_str xchg jmp name_input_loop name_ignore_beep: ; offset=0B57h mvi c, 7 call monitor_cout jmp name_input_loop ; Append at end of populated table: mark the next slot empty (0xFF) ; so the title screen stops reading there. (Z80 equivalent: sco7) hiscore_mark_end: ; offset=0B5Fh push h lxi d, 19h ; entry size dad d mvi m, 0FFh ; end-of-table marker jmp hiscore_fill_entry ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; process_bullet -- update one bullet position ; Input: HL = pointer to 4-byte bullet entry ; Output: HL = pointer past entry (+4) ; ; Bullet structure (4 bytes): ; byte 0: active flag / step direction (0=free, 1/-1=direction) ; byte 1: X delta per step (+1 or -1) ; byte 2: current row (Y) ; byte 3: current column (X) ; ; Each tick: erases '-' at old position, advances X by delta. ; Collision checks at new position: ; 'O' (helicopter) -> skip erase, advance cursor, recheck ; '*' (stone) -> replace with '+' (destroyed stone) ; 'I'/'Y' (person) -> kill person, free bullet ; space -> draw '-' at new position ; anything else -> free bullet (hit terrain/wall) ; Bullets move 2 cells per game tick (called twice in game_loop). ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- process_bullet: ; offset=0B69h push b mov c, m ; bullet's step X inx h mov b, m inx h mov e, m inx h mov d, m ; de = bullet XY push h mov a, c ora a jz free_bullet_entry ; if the bullet entry is zero, exit xchg call set_cursor xchg mov l, d mov a, e call screen_area_address mov a, m cpi 4Fh ; 'O' jz bullet_skip_heli mvi m, 20h ; ' ' push b mvi c, 20h ; ' ' call monitor_cout pop b cpi 2Dh ; '-' jnz free_bullet_entry ; hl -= 4 bullet_advance: ; offset=0B95h mov a, d ; recalculate bullet X add c cpi 40h ; '@' jnc free_bullet_entry ; if X >= 64 (0x40) -> free the bullet entry mov d, a ; d = new bullet X dad b ; hl = new bullet screen address dcr c jz bullet_check_new_pos mvi c, 8 call monitor_cout call monitor_cout bullet_check_new_pos: ; offset=0BAAh mov a, m cpi 4Fh ; 'O' jz collision_condition cpi 2Ah ; '*' jz bullet_hits_stone cpi 49h ; 'I' jz bullet_hits_person cpi 59h ; 'Y' jz bullet_hits_person cpi 20h ; ' ' jnz free_bullet_entry ; hl -= 4 mvi c, 2Dh ; '-' bullet_draw: ; offset=0BC6h mov m, c call monitor_cout pop h mov m, d bullet_done: ; offset=0BCCh inx h pop b ret bullet_hits_person: ; offset=0BCFh mvi m, 20h ; ' ' xchg call kill_person free_bullet_entry: ; offset=0BD5h lxi h, 0FFFDh ; hl -= 4 pop d dad d mvi m, 0 shld free_bullet xchg jmp bullet_done bullet_skip_heli: ; offset=0BE3h push b mvi c, 18h call monitor_cout pop b jmp bullet_advance ; recalculate bullet X bullet_hits_stone: ; offset=0BEDh mvi c, 2Bh ; '+' jmp bullet_draw heli_person_in_way: ; offset=0BF2h mov a, m mvi b, 0 cpi 49h ; 'I' jz heli_crushes_person cpi 59h ; 'Y' jnz heli_restore_and_crash heli_crushes_person: ; offset=0BFFh mvi m, 20h ; ' ' lda helicopter_xy cma adi 18h mov d, a add a add a add d mov c, a lxi h, lava_levels+3 ; format: counter, y, x, human_y, human_x dad b mov e, m inx h mov d, m xchg call set_cursor mvi c, 20h ; ' ' call monitor_cout mvi b, 0FFh heli_restore_and_crash: ; offset=0C1Eh lhld prev_helicopter_xy lda helicopter_orientation_original jmp heli_crash_common collision_condition: ; offset=0C27h lhld helicopter_xy lda helicopter_orientation ; 0 - left, FF - right mvi b, 0 heli_crash_common: ; offset=0C2Fh push b mov b, a call set_cursor xchg mov a, b ora a lxi h, clear_helicopter_left_msg cnz clear_helicopter_right_address call print_str lda hanging_human ora a jz heli_crash_clear_buffer mvi c, 20h ; ' ' call monitor_cout heli_crash_clear_buffer: ; offset=0C4Ch mov a, e mov l, d call screen_area_address mvi d, 20h ; ' ' mov a, b call write_heli_to_buffer call beep lhld helicopter_xy call explosion pop b lda hanging_human ora b jz next_helicopter call slow_explosion lhld prev_helicopter_xy call create_soul jmp next_helicopter ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Explosion animation system ; ; explosion_plot_dot -- plot or erase one dot at offset (h,l) from center ; Input: DE = center (row,col), H = X offset, L = Y offset, C = char (or 0) ; If C=0, reads existing char from screen buffer (restore mode). ; Bounds-checks: col < 64, row < 25. Skips if 'O' (helicopter) at target. ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- explosion_plot_dot: ; offset=0C74h mov a, h add a ; double X offset (accelerating expansion) mov h, a dad d ; hl = center + offset (h=col, l=row) mov a, h cpi 40h ; col >= 64? rnc ; out of bounds mov a, l cpi 19h ; row >= 25? rnc ; out of bounds call set_cursor_in_screen_arena ; set cursor + get buffer addr mov a, m cpi 4Fh ; don't overwrite helicopter 'O' rz push b mov a, c ora a cz explosion_read_char ; c=0: restore mode, read original char call monitor_cout pop b ret ; explosion_radiate -- draw/erase 8 dots radiating from center ; Input: B = radius step, C = char to draw (or 0 to erase), DE = center ; Plots dots at 8 directions: N, NE, E, SE, S, SW, W, NW explosion_radiate: ; offset=0C92h push b call explosion_axis_dots ; plot N, E, S (along axes) mov a, b cma inr a ; a = -b (negate for opposite direction) mov h, a mov l, b ; (-b, +b) = SW direction call explosion_plot_dot mov a, b cma inr a ; a = -b mov l, a mov h, b ; (+b, -b) = NE direction mov b, a call explosion_plot_dot call explosion_axis_dots ; plot remaining diagonals pop b ret ; explosion_axis_dots -- plot 3 dots along cardinal directions ; Input: B = radius, C = char, DE = center explosion_axis_dots: ; offset=0CACh mov h, b mvi l, 0 ; (+b, 0) = East call explosion_plot_dot mov l, b mov h, b ; (+b, +b) = SE diagonal call explosion_plot_dot mvi h, 0 mov l, b ; (0, +b) = South jmp explosion_plot_dot explosion_read_char: ; offset=0CBDh mov c, m ; read char from screen buffer (for erase/restore) ret ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; explosion -- fast expanding ring animation (helicopter crash) ; Input: HL = position (row, col) ; Expands dots '.' outward in 8 directions for 32 steps. ; Each step: draw dots, short delay, erase dots. Fast animation. ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- explosion: ; offset=0CBFh xchg ; de = position (center of explosion) mvi b, 0 ; b = radius (starts at 0) explosion_step: ; offset=0CC2h mvi c, 2Eh ; '.' = explosion dot call explosion_radiate ; draw dots at current radius mvi a, 0FFh ; short delay (~255 iterations) explosion_delay: ; offset=0CC9h dcr a jnz explosion_delay mvi c, 0 ; c=0 = restore original chars call explosion_radiate ; erase dots inr b ; increase radius mov a, b cpi 20h ; 32 steps total jnz explosion_step xchg ret ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; slow_explosion -- slow expanding ring animation (soul/death effect) ; Input: HL = position (row, col) ; Same as explosion but 33 steps with longer delay (0x200 iterations). ; Used after person death (falling into lava, dropped from helicopter). ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- slow_explosion: ; offset=0CDBh xchg ; de = position (center) mvi b, 20h ; b = radius (starts at 32, counts down) slow_explosion_step: ; offset=0CDEh mvi c, 2Eh ; '.' call explosion_radiate ; draw dots lxi h, 200h ; long delay (~512 iterations) slow_explosion_delay: ; offset=0CE6h dcx h mov a, h ora l jnz slow_explosion_delay mvi c, 0 ; restore original chars call explosion_radiate ; erase dots dcr b ; decrease radius jp slow_explosion_step ; repeat until b < 0 xchg ret ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; move_and_check_soul -- move one soul "()" and check helicopter collision ; Input: HL = pointer to soul entry (2 bytes: row, column) ; Output: HL = pointer past this entry (+2) ; ; Soul data: 2 bytes per soul in souls_positions array ; byte 0: row (Y coordinate) ; byte 1: column (X coordinate) ; ; Movement: partially seeks the helicopter with random element ; Vertical: 1/3 move up, 1/3 stay, 1/3 move toward helicopter ; Horizontal: 1/2 stay, 1/2 move toward helicopter ; If new position is blocked (not space), reverts to old position. ; If soul touches 'O' (helicopter cockpit), triggers crash. ; Maps to Python's soul update loop with random walk + bounce. ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- move_and_check_soul: ; offset=0CF7h push b mov e, m ; e = current soul row mov c, e ; c = new row (default: same) ; -- vertical movement -- mvi a, 2 call random ; a = [0..2] dcr a ; a = -1 (up), 0 (stay), or 1 jpe soul_vert_apply ; parity even for -1 and 0: random move ; parity odd (a=1): seek helicopter vertically lda helicopter_xy ; helicopter row cmp e ; compare with soul row sbb a ; 0x00 if heli below, 0xFF if heli above ori 1 ; +1 (move down) or -1 (move up) toward heli soul_vert_apply: ; offset=0D0Ah add e ; new_row = soul_row + delta cpi 19h ; >= 25? (off screen) jnc soul_vert_skip ; out of bounds -> keep old row mov c, a ; c = new row (accepted) soul_vert_skip: ; offset=0D11h ; -- horizontal movement -- inx h mov d, m ; d = current soul column mov b, d ; b = new column (default: same) mvi a, 1 call random ; a = [0..1] ora a jz soul_horiz_apply ; 0 -> no horizontal movement ; seek helicopter horizontally lda helicopter_xy+1 ; helicopter column cmp d ; compare with soul column sbb a ; 0x00 if heli right, 0xFF if heli left ori 1 ; +1 or -1 toward helicopter soul_horiz_apply: ; offset=0D24h add d ; new_col = soul_col + delta cpi 3Fh ; >= 63? jnc soul_check_dest ; out of bounds -> keep old col mov b, a ; b = new column (accepted) soul_check_dest: ; offset=0D2Bh ; -- check collision at new position -- ; c=new_row, b=new_col, e=old_row, d=old_col push h mov a, c ; new row mov l, b ; new column call screen_area_address mov a, m cpi 4Fh ; 'O' = helicopter cockpit? jz collision_condition ; soul hits helicopter! cpi 20h ; space = empty? jnz soul_blocked ; blocked -> revert position inx h ; check adjacent cell (soul is 2 chars "()") mov a, m cpi 4Fh ; 'O'? jz collision_condition cpi 20h ; space? jz soul_draw ; both cells clear -> accept move soul_blocked: ; offset=0D48h mov b, d ; revert: b = old column mov c, e ; revert: c = old row soul_draw: ; offset=0D4Ah ; -- erase old and draw new "()" -- pop h xchg ; de = souls_positions ptr call set_cursor ; cursor at old row,col (from hl) lxi h, two_spaces_msg call print_str ; erase old "()" mov l, c ; new row mov h, b ; new column call set_cursor lxi h, soul_msg ; "()" call print_str ; draw soul at new position xchg ; hl = souls_positions ptr mov m, b ; store new column dcx h mov m, c ; store new row inx h inx h ; advance to next soul entry pop b ret ; beep -- play sound if enabled ; Sends sound_status byte to monitor_cout: ; 7 = BEL (audible beep), 0Ch = FF (form feed, silent on RK86) ; Toggled by 'S' key in menu. Preserves all registers. beep: ; offset=0D68h push psw push b lda sound_status mov c, a call monitor_cout pop b pop psw ret lava_levels: ; offset=0D74h ; format: count, y, x, human_y, human_x (5 bytes per entry) ; human_y/human_x = 0,0 means no person on this ledge db 37h, 18h, 0, 0, 0 ; count=55, row=24, col=0 db 35h, 17h, 2, 16h, 3 ; count=53, row=23, col=2, person at (22,3) db 30h, 16h, 7, 0, 0 ; count=48, row=22, col=7 db 2Eh, 15h, 9, 14h, 0Ah ; count=46, row=21, col=9, person at (20,10) db 29h, 14h, 0Eh, 0, 0 ; count=41, row=20, col=14 db 25h, 13h, 10h, 0, 0 ; count=37, row=19, col=16 db 22h, 12h, 12h, 11h, 13h ; count=34, row=18, col=18, person at (17,19) db 1Ch, 11h, 17h, 0, 0 ; count=28, row=17, col=23 db 18h, 10h, 19h, 0, 0 ; count=24, row=16, col=25 db 16h, 0Fh, 1Ah, 0, 0 ; count=22, row=15, col=26 db 14h, 0Eh, 1Bh, 0Dh, 1Ch ; count=20, row=14, col=27, person at (13,28) db 0Dh, 0Dh, 20h, 0, 0 ; count=13, row=13, col=32 db 0Bh, 0Ch, 21h, 0, 0 ; count=11, row=12, col=33 db 9, 0Bh, 22h, 0, 0 ; count=9, row=11, col=34 db 7, 0Ah, 23h, 0, 0 ; count=7, row=10, col=35 db 4, 9, 25h, 0, 0 ; count=4, row=9, col=37 two_spaces_msg: ; offset=0DC4h db 20h, 20h, 0 soul_msg: ; offset=0DC7h db "()", 0 ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Helicopter sprite strings -- drawn via print_str using VT52 cursor codes ; These encode 2-line sprites in a single string using: ; 0x19 = cursor up 0x1A = cursor down 0x08 = backspace ; 0x20 = space 0x00 = string terminator ; ; The trick: after drawing the body line (row of cockpit 'O'), ; the cursor codes move up to draw the rotor line, then back down. ; ; Left-facing helicopter: Right-facing helicopter: ; -+- -+- ; O-+ +-O ; ; clear_helicopter_left_msg: erase left-facing (spaces with cursor movement) ; clear_helicopter_right_msg: erase right-facing ; helicopter_left_msg: draw left-facing (O-+ body, -+- rotor) ; helicopter_right_msg: draw right-facing (+-O body, -+- rotor) ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; ; Cursor starts at cockpit 'O' position. ; ; clear_helicopter_left_msg: erase "O-+" on body row ; 20 20 20 = " " (erase O-+) ; 19 = cursor up (to rotor row) ; 08 08 08 08 = 4x backspace (back to start of rotor) ; 20 20 20 = " " (erase -+-) ; 1A 1A = 2x cursor down (back to below body) ; 08 08 = 2x backspace (realign) clear_helicopter_left_msg: ; offset=0DCAh db 20h, 20h, 20h, 19h, 08h, 08h, 08h, 08h, 20h, 20h, 20h, 1Ah, 1Ah, 08h, 08h, 0 ; clear_helicopter_right_msg: erase "+-O" on body row ; 08 08 = 2x backspace (back past +-) ; 20 20 20 = " " (erase +-O) ; 19 = cursor up ; 08 08 = 2x backspace ; 20 20 20 = " " (erase -+-) ; 1A 1A = 2x cursor down ; 08 08 = 2x backspace clear_helicopter_right_msg: ; offset=0DDAh db 08h, 08h, 20h, 20h, 20h, 19h, 08h, 08h, 20h, 20h, 20h, 1Ah, 1Ah, 08h, 08h, 0 ; helicopter_left_msg: draw left-facing "O-+" ; 4F 2D 2B = "O-+" (body: cockpit, dash, tail) ; 19 = cursor up ; 08 08 08 08 = 4x backspace ; 2D 2B 2D = "-+-" (rotor) ; 1A 1A = 2x cursor down ; 08 08 = 2x backspace helicopter_left_msg: ; offset=0DEAh db 4Fh, 2Dh, 2Bh, 19h, 08h, 08h, 08h, 08h, 2Dh, 2Bh, 2Dh, 1Ah, 1Ah, 08h, 08h, 0 ; helicopter_right_msg: draw right-facing "+-O" ; 08 08 = 2x backspace (position to start of +-) ; 2B 2D 4F = "+-O" (body: tail, dash, cockpit) ; 19 = cursor up ; 08 08 = 2x backspace ; 2D 2B 2D = "-+-" (rotor) ; 1A 1A = 2x cursor down ; 08 08 = 2x backspace helicopter_right_msg: ; offset=0DFAh db 08h, 08h, 2Bh, 2Dh, 4Fh, 19h, 08h, 08h, 2Dh, 2Bh, 2Dh, 1Ah, 1Ah, 08h, 08h, 0 ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; packed_landscape -- RLE-compressed initial screen layout ; Encoding (printed left-to-right, top-to-bottom): ; N, char : repeat 'char' N times (N > 0, char != 0) ; N, 0 : end of row (print CR/LF, advance to next screen row) ; 0xFF, ...0 : literal string until null terminator (for mixed chars) ; 0 : end of data ; ; The landscape includes volcano slopes (X), people (I/Y), station ; walls (!), station roof (=), and spare helicopters (O-+, -+-). ; Unpacked into screen_area buffer (64x25) and printed simultaneously. ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- packed_landscape: ; offset=0E0Ah db 25h ; % db 20h, 4 db 58h ; X db 1, 0 db 23h ; # db 20h, 1 db 58h ; X db 1 db 58h ; X db 4, 20h, 1 db 58h ; X db 1, 0 db 22h ; " db 20h, 1 db 58h ; X db 7, 20h, 1 db 58h ; X db 1, 0 db 21h ; ! db 20h, 1 db 58h ; X db 9, 20h, 1 db 58h ; X db 1, 0, 1Ch, 20h, 1 db 59h ; Y db 3, 20h, 1 db 58h ; X db 0Bh, 20h, 1 db 58h ; X db 1, 0, 1Bh, 20h, 4 db 58h ; X db 1 db 58h ; X db 0Dh, 20h, 1 db 58h ; X db 1 db 58h ; X db 1, 0, 1Ah, 20h, 1 db 58h ; X db 14h, 20h, 1 db 58h ; X db 1, 0, 19h, 20h, 1 db 58h ; X db 16h, 20h, 1 db 58h ; X db 6, 20h, 8 db 3Dh ; = db 1, 0, 13h, 20h, 1 db 49h ; I db 3, 20h, 1 db 58h ; X db 1 db 58h ; X db 18h, 20h, 1 db 58h ; X db 1 db 58h ; X db 4, 20h, 1 db 21h ; ! db 6, 20h, 1 db 21h ; ! db 1, 0, 12h, 20h, 4 db 58h ; X db 1 db 58h ; X db 1Ch, 20h, 1 db 58h ; X db 3, 20h, 1 db 21h ; ! db 6, 20h, 1 db 21h ; ! db 1, 0, 10h, 20h, 1 db 58h ; X db 1 db 58h ; X db 22h ; " db 20h, 0FFh db 58h ; X db 20h, 20h db 21h ; ! db 20h db 2Dh ; - db 2Bh ; + db 2Dh ; - db 20h, 20h db 21h ; ! db 0, 1, 0, 0Ah, 20h, 1 db 59h ; Y db 3, 20h, 1 db 58h ; X db 1 db 58h ; X db 25h ; % db 20h, 0FFh db 58h ; X db 58h ; X db 21h ; ! db 20h, 20h db 4Fh ; O db 2Dh ; - db 2Bh ; + db 20h db 21h ; ! db 0, 1, 0, 9, 20h, 4 db 58h ; X db 1 db 58h ; X db 29h ; ) db 20h, 0FFh db 21h ; ! db 20h db 2Dh ; - db 2Bh ; + db 2Dh ; - db 20h, 20h db 21h ; ! db 0, 1, 0, 3, 20h, 1 db 49h ; I db 3, 20h, 1 db 58h ; X db 1 db 58h ; X db 2Eh ; . db 20h, 0FFh db 21h ; ! db 20h, 20h db 4Fh ; O db 2Dh ; - db 2Bh ; + db 20h db 21h ; ! db 0, 1, 0, 2, 20h, 4 db 58h ; X db 1 db 58h ; X db 30h ; 0 db 20h, 0FFh db 21h ; ! db 20h db 2Dh ; - db 2Bh ; + db 2Dh ; - db 20h, 20h db 21h ; ! db 0, 1, 0, 1 db 58h ; X db 1 db 58h ; X db 35h ; 5 db 20h, 0FFh db 21h ; ! db 20h, 20h db 4Fh ; O db 2Dh ; - db 2Bh ; + db 20h db 21h ; ! db 0, 0 ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Game variables and control data ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; control_codes -- keyboard mappings for helicopter movement ; Default: 08h=backspace (up), 18h=^X (left), 19h=^Y (down), 1Ah=^Z (right) ; Can be reprogrammed via 'K' menu option (display_controls routine). control_codes: ; offset=0F14h db 8, 18h, 19h, 1Ah ; up, left, down, right sound_status: ; offset=0F18h db 7 ; 7=BEL (sound on), 0Ch=FF (sound off) ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; High score table -- 5 entries x 25 bytes = 125 bytes starting at 0x0F1A ; Entry format: ; byte 0: saved_people count (0xFF = empty slot) ; byte 1: helicopters_left count (lower = better) ; bytes 2-24: player name (null-terminated, space-padded) ; ; The first entry's byte 0 doubles as the saved_people game variable. ; Scores compared by: saved_people (higher better), then helicopters (lower better). ; ----------------------------------------------------------------------- saved_people: ; offset=0F19h ; entry 1 (0=saved, 1=helis, 2-24=name) -- all 0xFF = empty slot db 0FFh, 0FFh, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 db 32h, 0B7h, 0C2h, 0F6h, 19h, 3Ah, 0EFh, 14h, 0FEh, 5, 0CAh db 4, 14h, 0FEh, 0Ch, 0CAh, 4, 14h ; entry 2 db 3Ah, 0Ch, 1, 0B7h, 0CAh, 4, 14h db 3Ah, 26h, 3Bh, 3Dh, 6Fh, 26h, 0, 3Ah, 0FAh, 3Ah, 3Ch db 4Fh, 0CDh, 40h, 1Ch, 7Bh, 32h, 0D1h ; entry 3 db 32h, 3Ah, 0FBh, 3Ah, 4Fh, 3Ah, 12h db 3Bh, 0A1h, 4Fh, 45h, 21h, 16h, 3Bh, 0CAh, 0BCh, 13h db 3Eh, 10h, 0B7h, 1Fh, 0Dh, 0C2h, 0B4h, 13h ; entry 4 db 80h, 47h, 5, 0FAh, 0CBh, 13h, 23h db 0CDh, 52h, 13h, 0CAh, 0BCh, 13h, 23h, 0C3h, 0BCh, 13h db 7Eh, 5Eh, 32h, 0Ah, 34h, 0CDh, 52h, 13h ; entry 5 db 57h, 0CAh, 0D9h, 22h, 4Fh, 13h, 2Ah db 4Fh, 13h, 0EBh, 21h, 15h, 1Bh, 19h, 5Eh, 16h, 0 db 0D5h, 21h, 30h, 0, 0D1h, 7Bh, 95h, 6Fh ; (not part of high score table) db 7Ah rng_seed: ; offset=0F97h dw 679Ch rng_accum: ; offset=0F99h db 0E5h prev_helicopter_xy: ; offset=0F9Ah dw 121h ; previous helicopter position (for erase) helicopter_xy: ; offset=0F9Ch dw 0D100h ; current helicopter position (L=row, H=col) helicopter_orientation_original: ; offset=0F9Eh db 19h ; saved orientation before move helicopter_orientation: ; offset=0F9Fh db 0E5h ; 0=left-facing, FF=right-facing hanging_human: ; offset=0FA0h db 21h ; 0=none, 'I'/'J'/'L'=person hanging from heli hanging_human_timer: ; offset=0FA1h db 9 ; countdown until person falls (0x28=start) hanging_human_y: ; offset=0FA2h dw 0E500h ; falling person position (0xFF=inactive) station_deposit_pos: ; offset=0FA4h dw 0EFCDh ; next position in station for rescued person free_bullet: ; offset=0FA6h dw 0F102h ; pointer to next free bullet slot helicopters_left: ; offset=0FA8h db 0D2h ; remaining lives (3=start) human_hands_timer: ; offset=0FA9h db 0FDh ; countdown for person wave animation (7=reset) db 0Fh db 2Ah ; * number_of_souls: ; offset=0FACh db 4Fh ; count of active souls on screen lava_level: ; offset=0FADh db 13h ; current lava level (counts down from 0x10) lava_timer: ; offset=0FAEh db 0E5h ; countdown until next lava advance (0x0A=reset) souls_positions: ; offset=0FAFh db 21h ; array of soul positions (2 bytes each: row, col) db 30h ; 0 db 0 db 0E5h db 0C1h db 0E1h db 0EBh db 21h ; ! bullets_coords: ; offset=0FB7h 10 entries, 4 bytes each, 40 bytes total dw 1B15h dw 7119h dw 4F2Ah dw 0E513h dw 121h dw 0D100h dw 957Bh dw 7A6Fh dw 679Ch dw 2AE5h dw 133Bh dw 0CDE5h dw 2BCh dw 0D2F1h dw 0FE9h dw 4F2Ah dw 0E513h dw 221h dw 0D100h dw 957Bh stone_coords: ; offset=0FDFh dw 7A6Fh dw 679Ch dw 4F22h dw 0C313h dw 0FFAh dw 4F2Ah dw 0E513h dw 121h dw 0D100h dw 957Bh dw 7A6Fh dw 679Ch dw 4F22h dw 0C313h dw 0F83h dw 4F2Ah db 13h